Improvement in the manufacture of pyrolibneous acid



M. E. CONVERSE &-A. T. ATHRTON.

i MANUFACTURE OP PYROLIGNBOUSAGID.

No. 78,264.v l Patented YMay 26, 1868.

@uiten toiles sttut @frn MORTON E. CONVERSE, OF ElN DGE, NEW HAMPSHIRE, AND ABEL T. ATHER- TON, OF LOWELL, MASSACHUSETTS.

LettcrsPatant No. 78,264,.c'lated May 2 6. 1868; antedazted Map] "13, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN THB MANUPAU'IURE 0F TYROLIGNBOUS ACID.

@te rtrmh return to in this: Estera @rient mit making `wat if its sante.

TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that we, MORTON E, CONVEnsrJ, of Rindgc, in the county of Cheshire, and State 'of .New Hampshire, and ABEL T. AT HE'RTON, of Lowelhin the county of Middlesex, and Stute of Massachusetts, have invented new and useful Improvements in the Manufacturing of Pyroligneous'Acid, Pyroxylic Spirit, Wood-Tar, the.; and we do hereby declare that the following is a. full and exact description thereof. reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

Tho nature of our invention consi-stein providing for kilns, liuc-tubes, and discharge-pipes, arranged in one' or more rows, and on one orl more sides of the kiln.

Their object being to save and collect the products of the destructive distillation of wood inthe kiln,- con- 4sisting of pyroligneous acid, pyroxylic spirit, wood-tar, dto. i

v To enable others 'skilled in the art to make and use our invention, we will proceedv to describe its construction and operation Figui-e1 representen plan of a. kiln, with our improved arrangement of flue-tubes and discharge-pipes attached. l

Figure 2 represents an end elevation of the same.

Similar letters in the dilferent guresindicate corresponding parts.

a represents the kiln, which may be made of brick, stone, or metal, of the required form and shape. Zz is the lower charging-door, through which and into the kiln a are placed or charged the heavier and larger pieces of wood to be carbonized. c is the upper charging-door, through which are chargedor placed the smaller and lighter pieces of wood. It also .enables the operator to completely pack and ll the remaining space in the kiln a, which otherwise-could not be lled. d is the door which closes the aperture through which re is communicated to the wood in the top of the'kiln a.v e e are draught-holes, which supply the requisite quantity of air for feeding the tire, these holes being located' near the bottom and on all sides of the kiln a, if occasion requires,

-ff are the upper flue-tubes, g g the lower line-tubes, the ilce of the tubesff-being to receive and convey the vapors, smoke, &c., during the process 'of carhonizing the wood which is placed above them, the object of the ilues g g being t'o receive and convey the vapors, smoke, 5to., during the process ofgcarbonizing the remaining portionof wood. z h are thc discharge-pipes; z'and zi z" the dampers. .i

The kiln a4 being prepared of the required size, form, and shape, with its doors/b; c, and'd, and draughtholes e e, the tubesff and g g, when two rows are required, with their dempers 'i and z" i', connect with l the kiln on one or more sides, at the required distances'apart, and to the discharge-pipes t h. .A` layer of lurge logs is then loosely4 placed on the bottom, in thelinside of-the kiln a, for 'the purpose of forming a. support, upon which is placed the wood to be carbonized.

These logs are also intended to'preveut the draught-holes e e from being closed during the carbonization of the wood. The kiln a is then packed loosely, full to the top, with wood. Afiro is then kindled on top ofY the wood, through the aperture, and the door d closed. i

The dampersz' t', in the line-tubes f f, being opened, and the dampers z" in the Hue-tubes g g closed, the vapors, smoke; &c., pass into the tubes ff, where they are conveyed into the discharge-pipes h 1L, `and then they are'conducted into the condenser, through the connecting-pipe j.

When the wood becomes carbonized dowuleveu with the tubes ff, the dempers i are closed, and the dampers z" z" in the tubes g g opened, otherwise it would create too great a. draught, increasing the amount of re, thus reducing the wood to ashes, and the results sought for not gained.

Thus, by this arrangement, we are not only enabled to produce coal, but to save and collect these several chemical properties, to wit, pyrolig'ne'ous acid, pyroxylic spirit, wood-tar, tc., which have heretofore been lost.

These same 'results would be obtained by arching over the bottom of the kiln u, and firing up in under this arch. instead of on ton of the wood in the kiln a', as before described. l

W'e disclaim the kiln a', as having long been in common use; but What w1: do claim as ohr-invention, und desire to secu re by Letters Patent, is The applicatiqn und arrangement vf the ;iuetub,esffand gg,

manner that they -will conduct, carry ond save, as described and set forthl in one vor more rows, to a. kiln, in'such n ,the products .gf desruct-ive distillation of wood. substantially' MORTON E. CONVERSE,

i ABEL T. ATHERTON. Witnesses:

GILBERT'A. A. PEVEY,

GEO. E. PEVEY. 

